Industries / Process & Recovery / Chrome & Metal Plating
Industries We Serve CR⁶⁺ Hazard

Chrome &
Metal Plating

Metal Finishing  ·  Hexavalent Chrome (CR⁶⁺) Treatment
CR⁶⁺ → CR³⁺ Reduction DI Process Water Heavy-Metal Recovery Zero Liquid Discharge

Wastewater from chrome plating carries excessively high quantities of soluble hexavalent chrome (CR⁶⁺) — toxic and untreatable in that state. The only path is chemical reduction to trivalent chrome, followed by precipitation and clarification.

With 25+ years in the heavy-metal finishing industry, Ahura Aqua delivers comprehensive water & wastewater treatment across all four critical applications — Process Water, ETP, Recovery and Zero Liquid Discharge.

Plant Water Journey Raw Water → ZLD
RAW 01
Raw Water
PROC 02
Process Water (DI)
PLATE 03
Plating / Finishing Line
ETP 04
Chrome ETP
RCVY 05
Wastewater Recovery
EVAP 06
MEE / MVR Evaporation
ZLD 07
Zero Liquid Discharge
The Chrome Challenge · Hexavalent → Trivalent
CR⁶⁺ → CR³⁺ chemical reduction, then precipitation & clarification
›Soluble, toxic hexavalent chrome cannot be removed directly — it is first reduced to insoluble trivalent chrome.
›The reduced chrome is precipitated, flash-mixed, flocculated and removed from the stream by inclined-plate clarification.
Four Critical Applications end-to-end
We cover the complete water cycle of a metal-finishing plant — generating ultra-clean process water, treating chrome-laden effluent, recovering it for reuse and eliminating the final concentrate.
i Process Water (DI)
Near-zero conductivity DI water

High-quality, consistent De-Ionized water for a speck-less plating process — near-zero conductivity with microbial content and the finest suspended loads removed. Online heavy-metal recovery via specialised resins.

Treatment Train
PSF → ACF → SFT → RO → DM
Output Near-zero µS/cm
ii ETP — Chrome Treatment
Hexavalent → Trivalent

Hexavalent chrome is reduced to trivalent chrome, then precipitated, flash-mixed, flocculated and removed from the waste stream by inclined-plate clarification, with sludge handling and dewatering.

Treatment Train
Chrome Reduction → Precipitation → Flash Mixer → Flocculation → Inclined-Plate Clarifier → Sludge Dewatering
Reaction CR⁶⁺ → CR³⁺
iii Post-ETP Recovery & Reuse
Up to 93% recovered

Recover up to 93% of the wastewater generated by the ETP and reuse it as plating process water — a major saving in operational and capital cost versus evaporating it all.

Treatment Train
PSF → ACF → SFT → UF → RO-1 → RO-2
Recovery up to 93%
iv Zero Liquid Discharge
Eliminate the final 7%

The last 7% of extremely concentrated, untreatable wastewater is evaporated via MEE or MVR — the best route for toxic wet waste that physio-chemical treatment cannot handle. Complete ZLD with trusted partners.

Treatment Train
Concentrate → MEE / MVR → Crystalliser → Dry Salt
Discharge Zero
ETP Water Recovered
93%
recovered & reused as plating process water
Recover up to 93% → eliminate the final 7% for Zero Liquid Discharge

Recovering ETP-treated water delivers major savings in both operational and capital cost. The last 7% of extremely concentrated, untreatable wastewater is evaporated via Multi-Effect Evaporation (MEE) or Mechanical Vapour Recompression (MVR) — achieving complete ZLD with our two-decade technology partners.

MEE MVR Zero Liquid Discharge
Contaminants Treated
Hexavalent Chrome (CR⁶⁺) Trivalent Chrome (CR³⁺) Nickel Copper Zinc Cadmium Cyanides Acids & Alkalis Suspended Solids High TDS
Our Solutions for this Industry
i De-Ionized (DI) Process Water PSF · ACF · SFT · RO · DM to near-zero conductivity → ii Chrome Reduction & ETP CR⁶⁺ → CR³⁺, precipitation & clarification → iii Online Heavy-Metal Recovery Specialised ion-exchange resins → iv Wastewater Recovery & Reuse UF + two-pass RO — up to 93% recovery → v Zero Liquid Discharge MEE / MVR evaporation of the final 7% → vi Sludge Handling & Dewatering Clarifier sludge to filter press → vii Demineralisation (DM) Polishing Final ionic polish for plating-grade water →