Home/ Categories/ Sterile Disinfection
Category · Equipment

Sterile Disinfection

Microbial control without adding a chemical to the water — ozone generated on site, and ultraviolet light applied in the pipe.

Chemical-free O₃ · UV No residual, no by-products PLC-automated

Chlorination disinfects by leaving something behind. These two systems disinfect by doing something — ozone oxidises cell walls, UV light scrambles DNA — and then leave nothing behind at all. No taste, no odour, no chlorinated by-products, no pH shift, no chemical drum in the yard.

The absence of a residual is both the point and the constraint. It is why these are the only disinfectants acceptable inside a purified-water loop or a UPW polish — and why where you place them matters more than how big you buy them.

Microbial Reduction
4 – 6
log, by design dose
Systems In Category
2
ozonation · UV
Chemicals Stored
None
generated or emitted on site
Where This Category Sits Disinfection stages highlighted

Disinfection is not one stage. Ozone works in the tank, UV works in the line — and both appear again at the far end of the train, where stored water has had time to grow something.

The Shared Principle Dose, not residual

Both systems are sized on the same quantity — how much disinfecting power meets each litre, for how long. Everything else about their design follows from that.

PRINCIPLE 01
Ozone works by contact
CT = concentration × contact time
Ozone must dissolve into the water and stay there long enough to oxidise. That is why an ozonation system is really a contact tank with a generator attached — the tank buys the time.
PRINCIPLE 02
UV works by exposure
Dose = intensity × residence time
Every organism must physically pass close enough to a lamp, for long enough. Turbidity, iron and organics absorb the light, so UV needs water that is already clear — it is a finisher, not a workhorse.
PRINCIPLE 03
Both leave nothing
O₃ → O₂ · UV → no by-product
Surplus ozone decomposes back to oxygen; UV adds nothing at all. No trihalomethanes, no chloramine taste, no pH correction and no effect on conductivity or TOC specifications downstream.
Constraint
No residual means placement is everything.

Neither system protects water downstream of itself. A UV chamber sterilises what passes through it and nothing more; ozone decays back to oxygen within minutes. So they are placed where recontamination cannot follow — at the loop return, immediately before the point of use, or continuously on a recirculating tank — and never as a one-off dose at the front of a long dead-legged pipe run.

Systems In This Category Two systems

One is a chemical made on site and destroyed after use. The other is a lamp. They overlap on disinfection and diverge on everything else.

O₃ Oxidation + Disinfection
Ozonation System
On-site generation · ~1.5× stronger than chlorine
Use when the water needs oxidising, not just sterilising — colour, odour, taste, iron, manganese and COD all fall to ozone, and a recirculated contact tank stays microbially clean between batches. Generated on demand from air or oxygen, with off-gas destroyed before venting.
Disinfection Colour & odour COD reduction Tank sanitation
View specifications →
UV In-Line Workhorse
UV System
254 nm germicidal · 185 nm TOC reduction
Use for continuous in-line microbial control on water that is already clear — PW and WFI distribution loops, ahead of RO and EDI as a dechlorinator, and as an ozone destructor. Nothing is dosed, nothing is consumed but lamp hours, and there is no contact tank to find room for.
In-loop disinfection TOC reduction Dechlorination Ozone destruction
View specifications →
Ozone Or UV Read across, then decide

If the water only needs to be microbially clean at one point, UV is almost always the answer. If it also needs colour, odour, COD or taste dealt with — or a tank kept clean between batches — that is ozone's territory.

Parameter
O₃
Ozonation System
UV
UV System
Mechanism
Chemical oxidation by dissolved O₃
Photolysis — UV-C disrupts DNA / RNA
Acts on
Micro-organisms, colour, odour, taste, COD, iron & manganese
Micro-organisms; TOC and free chlorine at the right wavelength
Sized on
CT — dose in g/hr + contact tank volume
Dose in mJ/cm² + chamber flow rate
Feed requirement
Tolerant of turbid, coloured water
Low turbidity, low iron, high UV transmittance
Residual
Short-lived — minutes, then decays to O₂
None — protection ends at the chamber outlet
By-products
Bromate possible where bromide is present
None
Consumables
Electricity, dry air / O₂, destructor catalyst
Lamps and quartz sleeves — replaced annually
Footprint
Generator, injection skid + contact tank
In-line chamber — sits in the pipe
Position in train
Storage tanks, effluent, packaged water, pools
Pre-RO, post-ozone, PW / WFI loop, point of use
Operator burden
Medium — ozone monitoring & ambient safety
Low — lamp hours & intensity sensor
Indicative design ranges — final selection follows a water analysis and the target log reduction.
Used Together O₃ + UV

On most plants these two are not alternatives — they are a sequence. Each covers the other's blind spot.

O₃ → UV
UV as the ozone destructor
A 254 nm chamber downstream of an ozone contact tank breaks residual ozone down before the water reaches membranes, resins or a filling line — doing double duty as a germicidal barrier at the same time.
O₃ + UV
Advanced oxidation (AOP)
Applied together, ozone and UV generate hydroxyl radicals far more aggressive than either alone — the route for refractory COD, pesticides and micro-pollutants that survive conventional treatment.
Tank → Loop
Ozone stores, UV distributes
On a typical high-purity plant ozone keeps the storage tank sanitised during idle hours, and UV holds the recirculating distribution loop clean while water is moving — two duties, two technologies, one specification.
Verification Neither system leaves a residual to measure, so performance is proven by instrumentation rather than a chemical test — dissolved-ozone and ambient-ozone monitors, UV intensity sensors, lamp-hour metering and periodic microbial sampling. Online monitoring →
Reference Installations

Client names withheld under confidentiality. Full commissioning data available on request.

Packaged Drinking Water
Ozonation with UV finish on a bottling line
Packaged water plant, Maharashtra. Ozone contact tank for tank sanitation and shelf life, followed by UV at the filler to destroy residual ozone and hold the microbial count.
5-log
reduction
12
m³/hr
Pharmaceutical · PW Loop
In-loop UV on a validated PW distribution loop
Formulations facility, Gujarat. Electropolished SS316L UV chamber on the loop return with intensity sensing and lamp-hour logging, controlling Pseudomonas between sanitisation cycles.
316L
electropolished
18
m³/hr
Effluent · Textile
Ozone for colour and COD on treated effluent
Processing house, Tamil Nadu. Ozonation on tertiary-treated effluent to break residual dye colour and cut COD ahead of recovery, replacing a chemical oxidant dosing station.
−65%
colour
40
m³/hr
PDF Technical Datasheet Sterile Disinfection — full specification set Ozone output tables, contact-tank and destructor data, UV chamber flow ranges, dose calculations, materials and utility requirements.
Download ↓
Next Step
Tell us the organism, the flow and the log reduction you have to prove.

With your flow rate, water quality and target — whether that is a GMP loop specification, a packaged-water standard or a COD limit — we will return the dose calculation, the equipment configuration and where in the train it belongs.